Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration (Dry AMD)
What is Dry AMD?
Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration (Dry AMD) is a progressive eye condition that affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision. Over time, the macula deteriorates, leading to blurred or distorted sight. Unlike Wet AMD, Dry AMD develops slowly and does not involve abnormal blood vessel growth. According to the Macular Society, macular disease remains a leading cause of vision loss in people over 50.
What are the symptoms of Dry AMD?
Dry AMD typically progresses gradually, with symptoms that may include:
- Blurred or distorted central vision
- Difficulty reading, recognising faces, or seeing fine details
- Colours appearing less vivid
- Increased sensitivity to light
- A dark or empty area in the centre of vision
These symptoms can worsen over time, impacting daily activities and quality of life.
How Common is Dry AMD?
Dry AMD is the most prevalent form of macular degeneration, accounting for around 90% of AMD cases. It is a significant cause of sight loss in the UK, particularly among older adults. As life expectancy increases, the number of people affected by Dry AMD is expected to rise.
Who is Most Likely to Develop Dry AMD?
Several factors can increase the risk of developing Dry AMD, including:
- Age – Most common in individuals over 50
- Genetics – A family history of AMD raises the likelihood of developing the condition
- Smoking – Significantly increases the risk of macular degeneration
- Diet and Lifestyle – Poor nutrition, high-fat diets, and low antioxidant intake may contribute
- Exposure to UV light – Prolonged exposure to sunlight without eye protection may increase risk
- High blood pressure – Linked to reduced blood flow to the retina
What are the Causes?
Dry AMD occurs when the macula’s light-sensitive cells gradually break down. The exact cause remains unknown, but researchers believe oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles. Waste deposits, known as drusen, accumulate under the retina, leading to gradual vision loss. Over time, retinal cells and supporting structures weaken, impairing central vision.
Can it be Treated?
While there is no cure for Dry AMD, several treatment options can help slow its progression and improve visual function:
- Valeda Light Therapy – A revolutionary treatment using photobiomodulation to stimulate cell function and slow AMD progression.
- Nutritional Supplements – Specific vitamins and minerals, such as those in the AREDS2 formula, can help maintain macular health.
- Lifestyle Changes – Quitting smoking, eating a balanced diet rich in leafy greens and omega-3 fatty acids, and protecting eyes from UV exposure may support eye health.
- Low Vision Aids – Magnifiers and special glasses can enhance remaining vision and improve daily activities.
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